Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Pathomechanism Characterization and Potential Therapeutics Identification for Parkinson’s Disease Targeting Neuroinflammation

doi: 10.3390/ijms22031062

Figure Lengend Snippet: Targets of VB-037 and glycyrrhetic acid in α-synuclein-activated BV-2 cells. ( a ) Western blot analysis of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β (pro- and mature forms), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (pro- and mature forms), and interferon (IFN)-γ ( n = 3). β-Tubulin was used as a loading control. ( b ) qRT-PCR (for mRNA) and ELISA (for protein) examination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) expression ( n = 3). ( c ) ELISA examination of IL-1β, TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-6 and G-CSF cytokines release to cell culture medium ( n = 3). For normalization, the relative cytokine level in α-Syn-activated cells was set as 100%. p values: comparisons between with and without fibril addition ( ### : p < 0.001), or between with and without compound/herb treatment (*: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01 and ***: p < 0.001). (One-way ANOVA with a post hoc Tukey test).

Article Snippet: Specifically, mouse IL-1β Instant ELISA, mouse IL-6, TNF-α, and GM-CSF (Csf2) Platinum ELISA, and mouse G-CSF (Csf3) ELISA kits (Thermo Fisher Scientific) were used.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Cell Culture

Journal: Cancer Biology & Therapy

Article Title: CircATP5C1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression by binding IGF2BP2 to modulate CSF-1 secretion

doi: 10.1080/15384047.2025.2479926

Figure Lengend Snippet: CSF-1 is a functional downstream gene regulated by circATP5C1. (a) Heatmap showed 484 differentially expressed genes between si-nc and si-circATP5C1 groups with the criteria of up-regulation or down-regulation fold change value > 2 and the p value < 0.05. (b, c) enrichment analysis for representative GO_BP (b) and KEGG pathways (c) in circATP5C1 target genes. (d) The mRNA levels tested by rt-qPCR of representative genes in MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with si-circATP5C1 (left panel) and in MDA-MB-468 cells after circATP5C1 was up-regulated (right panel). (e) Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA) measured the secretion levels of colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) in the supernatants of MDA-MB-231 with circATP5C1 knockdown and MDA-MB-468 with circATP5C1 overexpression. (f) Western blot assays examined the protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin in MDA-MB-231 cells with circATP5C1 knockdown and MDA-MB-468 cells with circATP5C1 overexpression. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Cell culture medium of different treatments was analyzed for cytokines production using Human M-CSF ELISA kit (Proteintech, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Transfection, Serologic Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Knockdown, Over Expression, Western Blot

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Modulation of Macrophages TLR4-Mediated Transcriptional Response by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26062688

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 9. Effect of lactobacilli strains on the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by murine Peyer’s patches macrophages stimulated with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunocompetent adult BALB/c mice (6 weeks) were orally treated with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506 strains for five days. On day 6, Peyer’s patches macrophages were isolated, cultured for 24 h, and then challenged with LPS. The levels of cytokines were determined after 24 h of culture (basal) or 24 h after LPS challenge by ELISA. Peyer’s patches of macrophages obtained from non-lactobacilli-treated mice were used as controls. Asterisks indicate significant differences between the indicated groups and basal or LPS-challenged controls, (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: 2025, 26, 2688 22 of 26 BMS614) and IL-12 (Mouse IL-12 p70 ELISA Kit, BMS6004) from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), and CCL-2 (Mouse CCL2/JE/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Quantikine, MJE00B), CCL-8 (Mouse CCL8/MCP-2 DuoSet ELISA, DY790), IL-27 (Mouse IL-27 p28/IL-30 ELISA Kit Quantikine, M2728), CSF2 (Mouse GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, DY415), and CSF3 (Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit Quantikine, MCS00) from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Modulation of Macrophages TLR4-Mediated Transcriptional Response by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26062688

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 10. Effect of lactobacilli strains on the production of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines by murine Peyer’s patches macrophages stimulated with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunocompetent adult BALB/c mice (6 weeks) were orally treated with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506 strains for five days. On day 6, Peyer’s patches macrophages were isolated, cultured for 24 h, and then challenged with LPS. The levels of cytokines were determined after 24 h of culture (basal) or 24 h after LPS challenge by ELISA. Peyer’s patches macrophages obtained from non-lactobacilli-treated mice were used as controls. Asterisks indicate significant differences between the indicated groups and basal or LPS-challenged controls, (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: 2025, 26, 2688 22 of 26 BMS614) and IL-12 (Mouse IL-12 p70 ELISA Kit, BMS6004) from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), and CCL-2 (Mouse CCL2/JE/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Quantikine, MJE00B), CCL-8 (Mouse CCL8/MCP-2 DuoSet ELISA, DY790), IL-27 (Mouse IL-27 p28/IL-30 ELISA Kit Quantikine, M2728), CSF2 (Mouse GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, DY415), and CSF3 (Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit Quantikine, MCS00) from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Modulation of Macrophages TLR4-Mediated Transcriptional Response by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26062688

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 11. Effect of lactobacilli strains on the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysac- charide (LPS). Immunocompetent adult BALB/c mice (6 weeks) were orally treated with Lacticas- eibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506 strains for five days. On day 6, peritoneal macrophages were isolated, cultured for 24 h, and then challenged with LPS. The levels of cytokines were determined after 24 h of culture (basal) or 24 h after LPS challenge by ELISA. Peritoneal macrophages obtained from non-lactobacilli-treated mice were used as controls. Asterisks indicate significant differences between the indicated groups and basal or LPS-challenged controls, (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: 2025, 26, 2688 22 of 26 BMS614) and IL-12 (Mouse IL-12 p70 ELISA Kit, BMS6004) from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), and CCL-2 (Mouse CCL2/JE/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Quantikine, MJE00B), CCL-8 (Mouse CCL8/MCP-2 DuoSet ELISA, DY790), IL-27 (Mouse IL-27 p28/IL-30 ELISA Kit Quantikine, M2728), CSF2 (Mouse GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, DY415), and CSF3 (Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit Quantikine, MCS00) from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Modulation of Macrophages TLR4-Mediated Transcriptional Response by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506.

doi: 10.3390/ijms26062688

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 12. Effect of lactobacilli strains on the production of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines by murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist lipopolysac- charide (LPS). Immunocompetent adult BALB/c mice (6 weeks) were orally treated with Lacticas- eibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CRL1506 strains for five days. On day 6, peritoneal macrophages were isolated, cultured for 24 h, and then challenged with LPS. The levels of cytokines were determined after 24 h of culture (basal) or 24 h after LPS challenge by ELISA. Peritoneal macrophages obtained from non-lactobacilli-treated mice were used as controls. Asterisks indicate significant differences between the indicated groups and basal or LPS-challenged controls, (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: 2025, 26, 2688 22 of 26 BMS614) and IL-12 (Mouse IL-12 p70 ELISA Kit, BMS6004) from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), and CCL-2 (Mouse CCL2/JE/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Quantikine, MJE00B), CCL-8 (Mouse CCL8/MCP-2 DuoSet ELISA, DY790), IL-27 (Mouse IL-27 p28/IL-30 ELISA Kit Quantikine, M2728), CSF2 (Mouse GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, DY415), and CSF3 (Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit Quantikine, MCS00) from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Techniques: Isolation, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Akkermansia Muciniphila induces chronic extramedullary hematopoiesis through cooperative IL-1R and TLR signals

doi: 10.1101/2022.01.03.474846

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Concentration of IL-1α, IL-1 ε , TNF-α and IFN- γ in spleen fluid from WT, Tlr2;4 or Myd88;Trif DKO mice treated with PBS or A. m . at day 1 and 14 (n=3-4 from 4 independent experiments). (B-C) Concentration of IL-1α (B), G-CSF (C) in the serum and CXCL12 in the BM fluid (C) from WT mice treated with PBS or A. m . at day 1 and 14 (n=3-6 from 3 independent experiments). (D) Experimental scheme of hIL-1ra treatment: WT and Tlr2;4 DKO mice were treated with A. m . followed by daily injections with or without hIL-1ra treatment. Spleen and BM were analyzed at day 14. (E) Representative images of the spleen from WT or Tlr2;4 DKO treated with A. m . +/-hIL-1ra. (F) Spleen weight (left) and total cell number (right) of splenocytes at day 14 (n=5-6 from 4 independent experiments). Dashed line indicates spleen weight and cell numbers in PBS-treated spleen. (G) Frequency of mature hematopoietic cells in the spleen 14 days after PBS or A. m . injection. Statistical comparisons are shown in the box: p values that are between 0.05-0.1 are shown, blanks indicate p >0.1. (H-I) Representative FACS plots (H) and absolute cell number (I) of HSPC subpopulations in the spleen at day 14 (n=5-6 from 4 independent experiments). Dashed lines indicate absolute cell numbers of each HSPC fractions in PBS-treated spleen. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, *** p <0.001, **** p <0.0001 (two-tailed t-test).

Article Snippet: G-CSF was quantified by Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit (Proteintech) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Injection, Two Tailed Test

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Akkermansia Muciniphila induces chronic extramedullary hematopoiesis through cooperative IL-1R and TLR signals

doi: 10.1101/2022.01.03.474846

Figure Lengend Snippet: The schematic model shows how the hematopoietic system responds to A. m . infection. At day 1 post A. m . injection, CXCL12 in the BM is downregulated, while the secretion of G-CSF in the PB increases, and mobilizes HSPCs from the BM to spleen. Concurrently, IL-1α secretion in the spleen is significantly elevated, and drives expansion of HSCs that have migrated to the spleen and their differentiation into myeloid cells. At day 14 post A. m . injection, persistent secretion of IL-1α and activation of TLR signals synergistically contribute to the constant expansion of functional HSPCs and their differentiation in spleen, ultimately leading to chronic EMH and splenomegaly.

Article Snippet: G-CSF was quantified by Mouse G-CSF ELISA Kit (Proteintech) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Infection, Injection, Activation Assay, Functional Assay

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Disruption of MerTK increases the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor by enhancing ferroptosis and immune response in hepatocellular carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101415

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Double-blinded quantitative detection of IFN-γ and CSF3 were performed using the mouse IFN-γ ELISA kit (R&D Systems, USA) and CSF3 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Virus, Recombinant, Red Blood Cell Lysis, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, CCK-8 Assay, Isolation, Multiple Displacement Amplification, Expressing, shRNA, Software

Journal: Clinical epigenetics

Article Title: Abnormal DNA methylation analysis of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis reveals novel methylation-driven genes related to prognostic and clinical features.

doi: 10.1186/s13148-023-01550-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8 PDCD1 and CSF3 expression level in thymoma. A and B PDCD1 and CSF3 expression were compared between thymoma and normal tissues. C and D PDCD1 and CSF3 expression in thymoma were indicated in Masaoka stage I–IV. E and F PDCD1 and CSF3 expression in histological type A–C of thymoma. G and H PDCD1 and CSF3 expression in different tumor sites. All expression value (TPM value) were acquired using the TCGA dataset on the Xiantao platform. ns no significant. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

Article Snippet: ELISA kits were used to measure CSF3, PDCD1, and CCL15 according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Boster, Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Clinical epigenetics

Article Title: Abnormal DNA methylation analysis of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis reveals novel methylation-driven genes related to prognostic and clinical features.

doi: 10.1186/s13148-023-01550-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 9 The association of PDCD1 and CSF3 expression with thymoma immune infiltration. A The expression of IFNγ, ICAM1, TNF and CCL2 were compared between thymoma and normal tissues using the TCGA dataset on the Xiantao platform. B Spearman correlation were shown between PDCD1 and CSF3 expression in thymoma. C and D The correlations of PDCD1 and CSF3 with all 24 immune cell types. iDC immature DC; Tem T effector memory; TFH T follicular helper; Tgd T gamma delta; pDC plasmacytoid DC; aDC activated DC; Tcm T central memory. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

Article Snippet: ELISA kits were used to measure CSF3, PDCD1, and CCL15 according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Boster, Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing